The Rhetorical Analysis Of Mark Antonys Speech - 879 Words

Mark Antony gives a public address to Caesars body in front of the conspirators where he speaks badly about the conspiracy, plays dumb and gives the crowd what they want to hear. While Mark Antony eloquently addresses the body of Julius Caesar in front of the conspirators he addresses them in a defensive, angry and questioning tone. For example, â€Å"-I know not, gentlemen, what you intend, Who else must be let blood, who else is rank†(III, i, 166-167). He goes on to chide them â€Å"With the most noble blood of all this world. I do beseech ye, if you bear me hard, Now, whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke† (III, i, 171-173). Antony tells them that if the conspirators intend to kill him, they should do it now, as seeing Caesar dead has†¦show more content†¦Mark Antony also has an opportunity to privately grieve and address Caesar’s body. At that time, he is full of emotion; his depression and sorrow are quite evident in his speech. The tone of this private address is a sad feeling. Shakespeare uses this tone to appeal to the crowd’s emotion in the audience. Antony seeks Caesar’s forgiveness for not being harsher with his killers. His speech foreshadows that revenge, chaos, civil unrest and war will come to Rome if Caesar’s death is not avenged. For example, â€Å"Domestic fury and fierce civil strife, Shall cumber all the parts of Italy, Blood and destruction shall be so in use, A nd dreadful objects so familiar† (III, i, 286-289). Antony prophesies that rabblement will follow Caesar’s death and lead to much destruction. As long as the foul deed of Caesar’s death remains unavenged, he predicts, Caesar’s spirit will continue to seek revenge, bringing chaos to Rome. Antony speaks truthfully and his speech shows what he really thinks of the men who just left and what he intends to do about the murder. Figurative language used in this address is simile. For example, â€Å"Over thy wounds now I do prophesy which like dumb mouths, do open their ruby lips† (III, i, 282-283). Caesar is comparing the men to dumb mouths. This is giving off a negative connotation that Antony will kill whoever did this therefore influencing the diction, style and tone of his address. In this, Shakespeare is showing that their mouthsShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar Brutus and Mark Antony Speech Comparison Essay597 Words   |  3 PagesFebruary 2013 Speech Analysis The speeches given by both Brutus and Mark Antony in William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Julius Caesar are very persuasive to the audience that they are given to, but rhetorical devices were used in different ways in order for each to have an effect on the people of Rome. In Brutus’s speech, he uses devices such as rhetorical question and antithesis to convince the Romans that he and the conpirators did a good deed by killing Caesar. In Mark Antony’s speech, he swaysRead MoreRhetoric and Betrayal in Julius Caeser Play1486 Words   |  6 Pagescause. Soon after, Mark Antony gives a terrifically-persuasive speech that he claims to be a funeral oration for Caesar, but is truly a cleverly-shrouded undermining to Brutus’s speech. Antony’s speech is able to not only gain him the crowd’s support, but causes the crowd to completely disregard what Brutus had said only moments earlier. The persuasion and manipulation used by the characters throughou t this piece of literature, shows how rhetorical modes of persuasion, rhetorical devices, and culturalRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Antonys Speech 3.2842 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Antony’s Speech In Julius Caesar, Mark Antony is given the opportunity to speak at Caesar’s funeral by the conspirators the murdered him. Through his words, Antony seeks to cause dissent and let mischief reign over his audience, the plebeians of Rome. Antony uses rhetorical questioning to provoke the crowd into a fit of rage over Brutus’ words. Antony disguises his true intents in his speech, putting him at a moral high ground over Brutus. He finally uses ambiguous meaningsRead MoreJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare2100 Words   |  9 PagesIn the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Mark Antony is depicted as a better leader than Brutus, due to his cunning use of rhetoric when addressing the plebeians after Caesar’s death. This essay will be divided into two sections to explore the ways in which Antony is depicted as better leader. The First section will contextualise the extracts used for analysis, and compare Brutus’s pedestrian speech with Mark Antony’ s impressive oratory. This will be done by defining what rhetoric is, andRead MoreA Multiple Choice Test on Julius Caesar1967 Words   |  8 PagesJulius Caesar I. Matching/Identify _____ 1. Strato _____ 2. Lucilius _____ 3. Octavius _____ 4. Artemidorus _____ 5. Brutus _____ 6. Caesar _____ 7. Casca _____ 8. Calpurnia _____ 9. Mark Antony _____ 10. Portia _____ 11.Lepidus _____ 12. Decius _____ 13. Pindarus _____ 14. Cassius _____ 15. Soothsayer A. Captured by Antonys soldiers, mistaken for Brutus B. Persuades Caesar to attend Senate meeting C. First to stab Caesar D. convinces Brutus to join conspiracy with false letters E. Holds the sword for

What Is Organizational Ethics - 847 Words

What is Organizational Ethics? According to managementstudyguide.com, organizational ethics is the way an organization should respond to the external environment. Organization ethics includes various guidelines and principles which decide the way individuals should behave at the workplace. It also refers to the code of conduct of the individuals working in a particular organization. Organizational ethics covers a wide range of topics including finance, legal compliance, safety, discrimination, employee exploitation, and honesty. In today’s society, a negative ethical scandal could saturate the media within a matter of seconds and prove to be detrimental to the future of that company. According to Meinert, the rapid rise of social media also is pressuring organizations to be more transparent—or risk exposure of unethical practices. What can be done to prevent an Ethical Breach within an Organization? HR professionals should develop and implement policies that specifically address ethical breaches and include consequences for deviating from the policy. Zenger suggests a company can instill mechanisms to protect the anonymity of underlings who report any ethical breaches they see. Most of the ethical breaches that are mentioned in the news involve company executives with a lot of power and authority. Subordinate and front-line employees may fear retaliation if they report any wrong-doing by people they perceive have the influence to fire them. With informationShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics And Organizational Communications1448 Words   |  6 Pages The study of Ethics and organizational communications has been an ongoing subject. It has been introduced as a way to be a more effective communicator, especially pertaining to an organization. It is a practical way to improve morale between an employer to his employee as well as a client to an organization. Resolution of ethical behaviors and practices are essential to any organization. The following study of Ethics and organizational communications has been studied and explored by other scholarsRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words   |  4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Issues1180 Words   |  5 Pageshealth of an organization in both positive and negative aspects. In order to be prepared for the ethical issues that will arise and to create an organizational competitive advantage, an intentional focus and effective communication of the cod e of ethics must be incorporated as a part of strategic planning. Sherwin (1983) indicates the that the term ethics, â€Å"refers to a set of moral norms, principles or values that guide people’s behavior† (cited in Brunk, 2012, p. 552). The importance of ethical awarenessRead MoreHow Personal Ethics Can Get1277 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"How Personal Can Ethics Get?† Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Personal difference and preference can impact organizational ethics is such a way where people can end up getting hurt. Personal difference and preference is one’s own way of how they think or how they feel about someone or something. Organizational ethics is the understanding of values of how an organization can integrate morals and main beliefs that differentiate right fromRead MoreImportance Of Business Ethics On Previous And Current Literature Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of business ethics in previous and current literature Previous Methodologies used for Studying Business Ethics Majority of the literature reviewed relied heavily on questionnaires and surveys as the chosen methodology. According to Rowley (2014), questionnaires are the â€Å"most widely used means of collecting data† (p. 308). However, when designing a questionnaire or survey researchers should consider the type of questions being used, sensitivity of questions asked, content and lengthRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1130 Words   |  5 Pagescompany to be productive and advance in the business environment. Organizational structure determines how roles, power, and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, coordinated and how information flows between the different levels of management. In an organizational workforce environment, there are several levels of management, such as managers, supervisors, team leads and coordinators. Their responsibilities are to know why organizational changes are necessary and they must effectively communicateRead MoreEthical Leader ship : Unethical Behavior1568 Words   |  7 PagesDifferentiating Perceptions of Supervisor and Top Leader Ethics†, use two studies to examine the perceptions of immediate supervisor ethics versus top leader ethics. Both are related to Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB), assurance in the top leader’s course, and climate. â€Å"Do as I Say (and Do): Ethical Leadership Through the Eyes of Lower Ranks† by Pucic (2015), uses two studies to explore ethical behaviors of leaders at all levels to expand what is currently known about the causes and outcomes ofRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Ethical Values1604 Words   |  7 Pagesorganization defines how that particular organization manages itself as well as treats its customers if it is a business. An organizational culture is basically developed within an organization and all the staffs or workers of an organization are usually conversant with the culture of the organization they work for. Ethical values are also part of organizational culture. Ethics are very crucial in an organization since they determine how individuals relate with one another within an organization. EthicalRead MoreThe Influence of a Companys Leadership and Culture on Its Business Ethics1541 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness ethics Definition of Organizational Culture Organizational culture refers to the values and behaviors essential in the contribution or development of unique social and psychological environment with reference to an organization. This is an indication that organizational culture is inclusive of the expectations, philosophy, values, and experiences that focus on holding an organization together with the aim of enhancing its image and reputation to the outsiders. Organizational culture relatesRead MoreThe Role Of Managers Is Vital1734 Words   |  7 Pagesfeel is the only responsibility that is required of a manager; however, that is a misperception. Leading necessitates a manager to convey a clear vision and energize and enable organizational members so they can fully understand the part they play in the success of the organization. Effectual leadership produces organizational members working harmonious to achieve goals. A leader is specifically a person, whereas, leadership is a process by which a person influences others to achieve a common goal.

Nervous System and Brain Stem Free Essays

Biopsychology: A specialty that studies the interaction of biology, behavior, and mental processes. Evolution: The gradual process of biological change that occurs in a species as it adapts to its environment new generations change as they adapt to changing environments Evolution has fundamentally shaped psychological processes because it favors genetic variations that produce adaptive behavior Charles Darwin:Wondered if animals were related and if all creations, even humans, could share a common ancestry made the controversial case for the evolution of life Natural selection:The driving force behind evolution, the fittest organisms are selected by the environment, the best adapted will flourish and the least adapted will die out. Darwin never said humans came from monkeys, but that they both had a common ancestor Genetics and inheritance: Genotype: Genetic Makeup Phenotype: Physical and behavioral characteristics (observable characteristics) not all biological, also can be changed by nutrition, disease, stress, and poor medical care causing birth defects Genome: Set of genetic information contained within a cell DNA:A complex molecule that stores biological information Genes: The words that make up the instruction manual (genome) Chromosomes:Tightly coiled structures in which genes are organized, consist of DNA Nucleotides: letters that form genes, there are 4 Sex chromosomes: The X and Y chromosomes that determine physical sex characteristics XX-female XY-male , fathers determine sex Genes influence our psychological characteristics Never attribute psychological characteristics to genetics alone, even identical twins Race and human variations: Certain features of skin color and other physical characteristics are common among people who trace their ancestry to the same part of the world tropical ancestry have darker skin to protect them from the sun, and lighter skin for less sunny places There are no genetic differences for races, race is more of a socially defined term Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: Testing fetus at a very oung age to ensure a genetically healthy fetus Some of these clinics also offer gender selection and ‘savior siblings’ How does the body communicate internally? The nervous system reacts first:accelerate your heart rate and tense your muscles for action Endocrine system sends follow-up messages:send hormones which also accelerate heart and tense muscles they work together in stressful and happier situations and even during low arousal states the brain is the chief that manages the cooperation of the nervous and endocrine systems The brain coordinates the bodys 2 communication systems, the nervous and endocrine, which use similar chemical processes to communicate with targets throughout the body Neuron (nerve cell) : cell that receives and transmits information to other cells of the body, bundles are called nerves Sensory neuron (afferent neurons): A cell that carries messages towards the brain from sense receptors Motor neuron (efferent neurons): A cell that carries messages away from the brain to the muscles and glands Interneurons: A cell that relays messages between nerve cells, especially in the brain and spinal cord Dendrites: Branched fibers that extend outward from the cell body and carries information into the neuron Soma: part of the cell containing the nucleus or cell body, houses chromosomes Axon: An extending fiber that conducts information from the soma to the terminal buttons Resting potential: The electrical charge of the axon in its inactive state, when neuron is ready to ‘fire’ Action potential: When the neuron ‘fires’ due to a change in electrical charge across the cell membrane of axon All or none principle: action potential in the axon occurs either completely or not at all when many neurons fire too easily the result can be epileptic seizure Synapse:gap that serves as a communications link between neurons or between neurons and muscles or glands they serve Terminal buttons:Tiny bulb like structures at the end of the axon that carry the message into the synapse Synaptic transmission: The relaying of information across the synapse Neurotransmitter: Chemical messenger that relays neural messages across the synapse, many are also hormones Reuptake:The process by which unused neurotransmitters are drawn back into the vesicles of their originating neuron 7 important neurotransmitters: Dopamine:Produces feeling of pleasure or reward, imbalances cause schizophrenia and Parkinson, cocaine, amphatamine, and alcohol affect the action of this transmitter Serotonin:Regulates, sleep, dreams, mood, pain, appetite, sex drive, imbalances cause depression, anxiety, OCD, Prozac and LSD affect the action of this transmitter Norepinnephrine:controls heart rate, sleep, stress, sexual responsiveness, appetite, imbalances cause high blood pressure, depression, Tricyclic, anti depressants, and beta blockers affect the action of this transmitter Acetycholine:involved in learning and memory, imbalances cause muscular disorders, alzheimers, nicotine, black widow spider venom, botulism toxin, barbiturates affect the action of this transmitter GABA:Inhibitory transmitter, inbalances cause anxiety and epilepsy, minor tranquilizers and alcohol affect the action of this transmitter Glutamate:Excitatory transmitter, excess release of glutamate causes brain damage after stroke, PCP affects the action of this transmitter Endorphins:Pleasurable sensations and control of pain, imbalances come from opiate addiction, opiates like morphine, heroin, and methadone effect the action of this transmitter Plasticity: the nervous systems ability to change or adapt as a result of an experience or physical damage plasticity can not compensate for extensive injurys just as paralyzed individuals may implant computer chips in the brain to restore some forms of control Glial cells: A cell that provides structural support for neurons, also provide the myelin sheath of the axon for some neurons nervous system: Network of neurons in the body, including the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and their subdivisions Central nervous system:brain and spinal cord Reflex:simple unlearned response triggered by stimuli done by spinal cord Contralateral:Each side of the brain communicates with the opposite side of the body Peripheral Nervous system:Connects the central nervous system with the rest of the body (somatic and autonomic) Somatic nervous system: Carries sensory information to the brain and voluntary messages to the muscles Autonomic nervous system: Sends communications between the brain and the internal organs and glands Sympathetic division: ends messages to internal organs and glands that help us respond to stressful or emergency situations Parasympathetic: monitors the routine operations of the internal organs and returns body to calmer functioning after arousal by the sympathetic division The endocrine system: The hormone system, chemical messenger system including pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes in a crisis this system releases epinephrine or adrenalin sustaining the bodies fight or flight reaction Hormones: chemical messengers used by the endocrine system and the nervous system Hormonal functions of major endocrine glands: Anterior Pituitary: ovaries and testes, breast milk production, metabolism, reactions to stress Posterior Pituitary: conservation of water in the body, breast milk secretion, uterus contractions Thyroid: metabolism, physical growth and development Parathyroid: calcium levels in the body Pancreas: glucose (sugar) metabolism Adrenal glands: fight or flight response, metabolism, sexual desire (especially in women) Ovaries: development of female sexual characteristics, production of eggs or ova Testes: development of male sexual characteristics, sperm production, sexual desire in men Pituitary gland: the ‘master gland’ that oversees all these endocrine responses Agonists: drugs or other chemicals that enhance or mimic the effects of neurotransmitters antagonists: drugs or other chemicals that inhibit the effects of neurotransmitters Neural pathways: bundles of nerve cells that follow generally the same route and employ the same neurotransmitter How does the brain produce behavior and mental processes? Thoughts and feelings originate from the brain (love doesn’t come from the heart) brain is a collection of distinct modules that work together like the components of a computer the brain is composed of many specialized modules that work together to create mind and behavior EEG(Electroencephalograph):A device for recording brain waves, typically by electrodes places on the scalp. We will write a custom essay sample on Nervous System and Brain Stem or any similar topic only for you Order Now The recording is an EEG Can reveal abnormal waves which cause epilepsy not very precise Wilder Pen field mapped the brain with electric probes which showed him that the brain’s surface had distinct areas with distinct functions Brain Scans: help neurosurgeons to locate abnormalities such as tumors or stroke related damage without opening the skull CT(computerized tomography):uses x-rays taken of the brain at different angles and then combined into an image PET(positron emission tomography):Imaging technique that relies on the detection of radioactive sugar consumed by active brain cells MRI(magnetic resonance imaging): Imaging technique that relies on cell’s responses in a high-intensity magnetic field fMRI(functional magnetic resonance imaging):form of MRI that records brain structure and activity PET and fMRI show which parts of the brain are active during a particular task MRI ecvelsat distinguishing the fine details of brain structures non of these can detect processes that occur only briefly (shift in attention, startle response) no scanning technique gives biopsychologists a perfectly clear view of all of the brains activity Three layers of the brain Brain stem: the most primitive of the brains three major layers, includes medulla, pons, and reticular formation medulla:Controls breathing and heart rate Pons:Regulates brain activity during sleep or dreaming Reticular formation:keeps the brain alert and attentive to new stimulation Limbic system:middle layer, involved in emotion and memory, includes thee hippocampus,amygdalaa, hypothalamus, and some pleasure centers Hippocampus:Establishes long term memories amydala:memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression Hypothalamus:Brains blood testing lab, constantly monitors blood to determine condition of the bod Thalamus: brain’s central ‘relay station’, all messages that enter or exit the brain go through the thalamus controls sleep and awake states of consciousness cerebrum cerebellum:the ‘little brain’ attached to the brain stem, responsible for oordinated movements cerebral hemispheres:large symmetrical halves of the brain located atop the brain stem cerebral cortex:Thin gray matter covering the cerebral hemispheres, carries on major portion of higher mental processes like thinking and perceiving corpus callosum: the band of nerve cells connecting and enabling communication between the two cerebral hemispheres The frontal lobes:cortical regions at the front of the brain especially involved in movement and in thinking motor cortex: A narrow vertical strip of cortex in the frontal lobes, controls voluntary motor movement Mirror neuron:A class of neuron that fires in response to ‘mirroring’ observation of another person’s actions or emotions The left frontal lobes: production of speech The parietal lobes:Involved in touch sensation and perceiving spatial relationships Somatosensory cortex: A strip of the parietal lobe involved in sensations of touch The temporal lobes:Cortical lobes that process hearing, including speech, involved in storing long term memories Occipital lobes: The cortical regions that house the visual cortex Visual cortex: The visual processing area of cortex in the occipital and temporal lobes Association Cortex: Critical regions throughout the brain that combine information from various other parts of the brain Cerebral Dominance:The tendency of each brain hemisphere to exert control over different functions, such as language or perception of spatial relationships The left side is more active in language and speech the right side is for visual and spatial and interprets others emotional responses and their nonverbal communication signals the right frontal lobes control the negative emotions such as fear and anger the left frontal lobes control the positive emotions such as joy cerebral dominance patterns are not always the same from one person to another men on average have slightly larger brains, thought to be part of body size and not much other importance CH 3 Sensation: The process by which stimulation of a sensory receptor produces neural impulses that the brain interprets as a sound, sight, taste, touch, or smell Perception: A mental process that elaborates and assigns meaning to the incoming sensory patterns The brain senses the world indirectly because the sense organs convert stimulation into the language of the nervous system (neural messages) 3 attributes common to all senses: transduction-process that converts information carried by the stimulus , such as light or sound waves, into the form of neural messages sensory adaption-loss of responsiveness in receptor cells after stimulation has remained unchanged for a while thresholds bsolute threshold-minimum amount of physical energy needed to produce a sensory experience (how soft can music be and still be heard) if it is above your thresholds, you sense it varies from person to person and varies in an individual depending on mental alertness and physical condition difference thresho ld (JND)-minimum amount by which a stimulus can be changed and the difference be detected half the time large when the stimulus intensity is high and small when low Webers law: The size of the JND is proportional to the intensity of the stimulus We are built to detect changes in stimulation and relationships among stimuli Signal detection theory: Theory that states that sensation depends on the characteristics of the stimulus, the background stimulation, and the detector. Sensory Adaptation: Loss of responsiveness in receptor cells after stimulation has remained unchanged for a while (adjusting to the temperature of a cold pool) The sense all operate in much the same way, but each extracts different information and sends it to its own specialized processing region in the brain Vision: Retina:The thin light-sensitive layer at the back of the eyeball. The retina contains millions of photoreceptor and other nerve cells the retina is where the transduction of light into neural signals occurs Photoreceptors: Light sensitive cells (neurons) in the retina that concert light energy to neural impulses, these receptors are as far as light gets into the visual system. Rods: Photoreceptors in the retina sensitive to dark lighting but not to color Cones: photoreceptor in the retina sensitive to colors but not dim light Fovea-tiny area of sharpest vision in the retina ipolar cells-collect impulses from photoreceptors and send them to the ganglion cells optic nerve-the bundle of neurons that caries visual information from the retina to the brain blind spot- the point where the optic nerve exits the eye and there are no photoreceptors, anything in this area cannot be seen visual cortex creates visual images from the information received from the eyes in this cortex, brain turns neural impulses into visual sensations of color, form, boundary, and movement brightness- A sensation caused by intensity(amplitude) of light waves color-(hue) not a property of things in the external world , a psychological sensation created in the brain from information from the eyes from the wavelength of visual light Electromagnetic spectrum-the entire range of electromagnetic energy, including radio waves, x rays, microwaves, and visible light visible spectrum-the tiny part of electromagnetic spectrum to which our eyes are sensitive, may be different from our own trichromatic theory-the idea that colors are sensed by three different types of cones sensitive to light in the red blue and green wavelengths, this theory explains color processing in the cones of the retina opponent-process theory-the idea that cells in the visual system process colors in complementary pairs, such as red or green , yellow or blue, this theory explains color sensation from the bipolar cells onward in the visual system afterimages-sensations that linger after the stimulus is removed, most are negative after images, which appear in reversed colors color blindness-genetic disorder that prevents an individual from discriminating certain colors, most common form is red green color blindness Hearing: Frequency-highness or lowness of sound, pitch amplitude-the physical strength of a wave. Height of the wave , when turning down vol, your turning down amplitude, loudness timbre-complex quality of a sound wave, helps you distinguish different voices how we hear: sound waves are relayed to the inner ear, vibrating waves make their way through the ear canal to the ear drum or tympanic membrane, vibrates middle ear, sends to cochlea cochlea-main organ of hearing focuses he vibrations on the basilar membrane basilar membrane converts vibrations into neural messages neural messages travel to the auditory cortex in the brain Hearing loss-from damage of the hair cells in the cochlea Vision-stimulus is light waves, receptor is rods and cones Hearing-stimulus is sound waves, receptor is hair cells in basilar membrane Skin senses-stimulus is external contact, receptor is nerve endings in skin Smell-stimulus is volatile substances, receptor is hair cells in olfactory epithelium Taste-stimulus is soluble substances, receptor is taste buds on tongue Pain- stimulus is extreme stimuli, receptors are pain receptors Kinesthatic and vestibular senses-stimulus is body position, movement and balance, receptors are hair cells in semicircular canals and neurons connected to muscles joints and tendons Vestibular senses-the sense of body orientation with respect to gravity, associated with inner ear and in fact is carried to the brain on a Branch of the auditory nerve Kinesthetic sense-the sense of body position and movement of body parts relative to each other Smell: olfaction-sense of smell pheromones-chemical signals released by organisms to communicate with other members of their species. Often used by animals as sexual attractants, unclear if humans use them Taste: Gustation-the sense of taste Skin senses: sensory system for processing touch, warmth, cold, texture, and pain synesthesia-the mixing of sensations across sensory modalities, as in tasting shapes or seeing colors associated with numbers Phantom limbs-sensations experienced by people who have lost a limb coming from the missing body part Gate control theory-an explanation for pain control that proposes we have a neural ‘gate’ that can, under some circumstances, block incoming pain signals if you experience pain you can take drugs like aspirin or you can get morphine which suppresses the pain messages in the spinal cord placebo-appears to be a drug, but is not (sugar pill) placebo effect-a response to a placebo caused by the belief that it is a real drug Perception gives meaning to sensation, so perception produces an interpretation of the world, not a perfect representation of it Percept: The meaning product of perception, often an image that has been associated with concepts, memories of events, emotions, and motives What pathway-A neural pathway, projecting from the primary visual cortex to the temporal lobe, which involves identifying objects where pathway-A neural pathway the projects visual information to the parietal lobe, responsible for locating objects in space blindsight-being conscious of information in the what pathway but not necessarily in the where pathway feature detectors-cells in the cortex that specialize in extracting certain features of a stimulus binding problem: how the brain combines the results from many senses into a single percept top-down process: memories and past experiences in our brain tell perception bottom up process: the sensed characteristics in the stimuli exert strong influence on our perceptions perceptual constancy-the ability to recognize the same object as remaining ‘constant’ under different conditions, such as distance or location inattentional blindness-a failure to notice changes occurring in ones visual field, caused by narrowing the focus of ones attention change blindness-failure to notice that a visual scene has changed from the way it had appeared previously, requires comparing a scene to one from the past illusion-incorrect perception of a stimulus pattern especially one that fools others ambiguous figures-images that can be interpreted in more than one way. No right way to see an ambiguous figure Gestalt psychology: believed that much of perception is shaped by innate factors built into the brain figure- a part of a pattern that stands out against the ground ground-part of a pattern that does not command attention-background closure-gestalt principle that identifies the tendency to fill in gaps in figures and to see incomplete figures as complete Laws of perceptual grouping-the gestalt principles of similarity, proximity, continuity, and common fate. Suggest how our brains prefer to group stimulus elements together to form a percept Law of similarity-gestalt principle, we tend to group similar objects together in out perceptions Law of proximity-gestalt principle, we tend to group objects together when they are near each other Law of continuity-gestalt principle, we prefer perceptions of connected and continuous figures to disconnected and disjointed ones Law of common fate-gestalt principle, we tend to group similar objects together that share a common motion of destination Law of Pragnanz- Gestalt principle, the simplest organization, requiring the least cognitive effect, will emerge as a figure, full figures such as a closed circle Learning based inference- the view that perception is primarily shaped by learning rather by innate factors perceptual set-readiness to detect a particular stimulus in a given context someone afraid interprets an unfamiliar sound as a threat, set of words, word missing binocular cues-information taken in by both eyes that aids in depth perception, including binocular convergence and retinal disparity Monocular cues-information about depth that relies on the input of just one eye and includes relative size, light and shadow, relative motion and atmospheric pressure CH 8 Cognitive Neuroscience-An interdisciplinary field involving cognitive psychology, neurology, biology, computer science, linguistics, and other specialists who are interested in the connection between mental processes and the brain Nonconscious process-Any brain process that does not involve conscious processing, including both preconscious memories and unconscious processes can perform many jobs at the same time (walk, chew gum, breath) Consciousness-The process by which the brain creates mental model of our experience, most common consciousness occurs during wakefulness, although there can be altered states Attention- a process by which consciousness focuses on a single item of ‘chunk’ in working memory Tools for studying consciousness- fMRI, EEG, PET Freud’s levels of consciousness: Preconscious- A special unconscious storehouse for information no currently in conscious but readily available to the conscious (like your phone number) The unconscious-A part of the mind that processes below the level or awareness, emotional memories, desires, and feelings that would be threatening if brought back to consciousness James stream of consciousness-walking consciousness is like a flowing stream carrying ever changing sensations, perceptions, thoughts, memories, feelings, and desires, this stream includes awareness of ourselves and of stimulation from our environment, can also include physical sensations from within like hunger or pain James said consciousness has 2 levels :an area of focus for what we are focusing our attention on, and a peripheral conscious to encompass the feelings that give meaning to our focus The computer metaphor-likens consciousness to the information and images that appear on a computer screen nonconscious is the electronic activity behind the sc ene, which most of the time operates in parallel with consciousness Three important functions of the consciousness: Consciousness restricts our attention-(restriction) because it processes information serially, it limits what you notice and think about,keeps your brain from being overwhelmed by stimulation cannot read while listening to music consciousness provides a mental ‘meeting place’-(combination) meeting place where sensation can combine with memory, emotions, motives, and a host of other psychological processes (perception) consciousness allows us to create a mental model of the world-(manipulation) a model we can manipulate in our minds, we don’t just operate in the moment, we make a model that draws on memory and brings the past and the future into awareness. Coma-An unconscious state, during which a person lacks the normal cycles of sleep and wakefulness, usually only lasts a few days (between vegetative and minimally conscious states) Consciousness fluctuates in cycles that correspond to our biological rhythms and to patterns of stimulation in our environmental Daydreaming-A common (and quite normal) variation of consciousness in which attention shifts to memories, expectations, desires, or fantasies and away from the immediate situation daydreaming is automatic when we are in a restful state or not focused on something Circadian Rhythms-A pattern that repeats every 24 hours such as sleep and wakefulness cycle, jet lag Main Events of sleep: REM sleep-stage that occurs approximately every 90 minutes, marked by bursts of rapid eye movement occurring under closed eye lids each REM period gets longer and longer Non-REM-the recurring periods, mainly associated with the deeper state of sleep, when a sleeper is not showing rapid eye movements Sleep paralysis- A condition in which a sleeper is unable to move any of the voluntary muscles except the eyes (normally occurs during REM) Stages of sleep: Stage 1:Slower theta waves, faster beta waves Stage 2:Short burst of fast electrical activity that reliably signal the end of stage 1 Stage 3 4:heart rate and breathing slow down , beta brain waves slow, delta waves appear DEEPEST sleep in stage 4 as stage 4 ends sleeper climbs back up the stages backwards REM sleep: fast beta waves, rapid eye movement, after REM sleeper slips back into stage 2 REM rebound- A condition of increased REM sleep caused by REM sleep deprivation Sleep debt-A sleep deficiency caused by not getting the amount of sleep required for optimal functioning Isrealites interpreted dreams as messages from the gods Egyptians tried to influence dreams by sleeping in temples dedicated to the god of dreaming Chinese are scared to dream because they think the soul wanders outside the body Freud’s theory of dreams: manifest content-the story line of a dream, taken at face value without interpretation latent content- the symbolic meaning or objects and events in a dream Activation synthesis theory- the theory th at dreams begin with random electrical activation coming from the brain stem. The storyline of dreams are the brains attempt to make sense of this random activity Insomnia- involving insufficient sleep, the inability to fall asleep quickly, frequent arousals, or early awakenings Sleep Apnea- A respiratory disorder in which the person intermittently stops breathing many times while asleep Night terrors-deep sleep episodes that seem to produce terror, what made the person scared is usually forgotten on awakening, usually found in children narcolepsy-a disorder of REM sleep, involving sleep-onset periods in sudden daytime REM-sleep attacks An altered state of consciousness occurs when some aspect of normal consciousness is modified by mental, behavioral, or chemical means Hypnosis-A state of awareness characterized by deep relaxation, heightened suggestibility, and focused attention Hypnotizability- susceptibility measured by a persons responsiveness to standardized suggestions hypnosis an be used for dental and medical uses, psychological treatment Meditation-A state of consciousness often induces by focusing on a repetitive behavior, assuming certain body positions, and minimizing external stimulation Psychoactive drug-chemical that affects mental processes and behavior by its effect on the brain Hallucinogen-a drug that creates hallucinations or alters perception of the external environment and inner awareness Opiates-Highly addictive drug, derived from opium, that can produce a profound sense of sell being and has strong pain relieving properties Depressant-drug that slows down mental and physical activity by inhibiting transmission of nerve impulses in the brain (alcohol, barbiturates) Stimulants-speed up brain and mental and physical responses (cocain, amphetamine, nicotine, caffeine) General Anesthetic-substance that suppresses consciousness and awareness of pain, some produce sedation and immobility Tolerance-the reduces effectiveness a drug has after repeated use psychical dependence-the body adjusts to and comes to need and drug for every day functioning addiction- a person continues to use a drug despite its adverse effects and many attempts to stop withdrawal-A pattern of uncomfortable or painful physical symptoms and cravings experienced by the user when the level of drug is decreased or the drug is eliminated psychological dependency-a desire to obtain or use a drug, even though there is no physical dependence How to cite Nervous System and Brain Stem, Essay examples

Globalization Essay Example For Students

Globalization Essay Outline1 Globalization Essay 11.1 A short history about the appearance of globalization2 Globalization Essay 22.1 The concept of globalization, it’s pros and cons3 Globalization Essay 33.1 What are the sources of globalization?4 Globalization Essay 44.1 Examples of globalization Globalization Essay 1 A short history about the appearance of globalization In modern science, globalization is considered as an advanced stage of development of the process of internationalization of various aspects of social life: political, economic, and cultural. At this stage, internationalization gradually covers the entire world community, reaching planetary proportions. Globalization is a very interesting process, which has many consequences, favorable for both, the economy of a particular country and the economy of the whole world, that is bad and good at the same time. Globalization was the next stage after capitalism, when the world economy began to unite, when countries began to work and develop together, supporting each other or helping each other in certain situations. Nowadays, the trade goes all over the world, different countries enter into cooperation agreements and work together on certain projects. Globalization has led not only to the fact that the economy has become general, but it has also led to other consequences. For example, the world has become more open now, people have become more tolerant of each other. When people began to conduct business more openly, when resources began to move freely around the arena of the world economy, not only natural resources, but also workers become more open. A person starts to look at the world more widely because he/she understood there are many countries with different economies and rules. As far as you can see, globalization is a multifaceted process, covering all spheres of our society. Globalization Essay 2 The concept of globalization, it’s pros and cons The scientific and technological revolution has become an impetus for globalization. The powerful impact of the world information system in developing countries has contributed to the nationalization of production and capital. The current information and communication prompts made it possible to distribute full information to an almost unlimited number of consumers. Internet played a crucial role in this process. Some people think this is a new process. In fact, globalization existed in the Middle Ages, when people decided to exchange goods with merchants from distant countries. Since 1980, it has begun to move at a faster pace, and different types of globalization appeared. Today, globalization is at its peak. The most positive impact of globalization is that people can buy and sell everything they want from all corners of our planet. The Internet has made it easier. People enjoy a variety of choices and prices. Globalization also provides an opportunity to learn more about the culture in developing countries. Countries are working to get the best benefits, instead of creating poor quality products. For example, Belgium is good in agriculture and chocolate production, but there is no production of cars. Thus, it can buy cars in Germany or France. Another benefit of globalization is the growth of international companies. They can open branches in different countries and create additional jobs for the local population, including college students. But one of the negative effects that globalization has caused is environmental pollution. Construction of new harmful plants causes significant environmental problems. Another argumentative drawback is the fact that globalization is gradually destroying cultural identity. This is especially noticeable when Europeans try to impose their traditions and customs on Asian nations. And last but not least: domestic producers are also trained in developing countries. It’s difficult for them to sell their products when people buy everything in the international market. .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .postImageUrl , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:hover , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:visited , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:active { border:0!important; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:active , .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7425bda73bea7122b0685033443d1bdc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: medical malpractice Argumentative EssayTo sum everything up, the main advantages of globalization are: It has given rise to international competition. Globalization provoked the economy of production scale, which contributed to the avoidance of jumps in the economy and lower prices. International trade is beneficial to all subjects of market relations; the establishment of trade unions only accelerates the process of globalization. The introduction of modern technology contributes to increased productivity. Developing countries can catch up with advanced states, globalization gives them the opportunity to improve their economic situation and firmly establish themselves on the world stage. But it has the following disadvantages: The benefits of globalization can’t be distributed throughout the whole world. The industrialization of the economy—manufacturing branches are losing ground, while the flourishing sphere of services is emerging. People have to re-qualify to find their place in this global, changing system. Competition generates a big gap between qualified and unskilled employees. Globalization has a significant impact on the ecosystem of the world. Consequently, globalization is a very serious process affecting the world economy and the life of all countries in the world. Globalization Essay 3 What are the sources of globalization? Have you ever heard about globalization? Sound a little scary, right? Don’t panic as this short but persuasive writing in English will explain you its meaning in the simple words, and we’re going to start with its’ definition. Globalization is the process, during which the world turns into a united system. At the end of the last century, globalization became an urgent topic for reflection. Discussions about it haven’t stopped yet, and on the contrary, have intensified. Globalization implies integration in the economic, cultural, political and religious spheres. However, the most notable is the globalization of the economy. The unification of space into one zone and the unrestricted movement of information resources, capital, labor, goods, and services, free expression of thought, development, strengthening and interaction of social institutions are the concepts of global economic globalization. But what are the sources of it? There are some of them: Scientific and technological progress, in particular, the development of the Internet, through which the distance between the states is wasted. Today we have the opportunity to learn news from anywhere in the world, to watch snapshots and videos from satellites in real time. Due to the types of globalization, distance education is available at educational institutions in any country. World trade, which has become freer due to liberal measures. Combining cultural traditions. The mass media become homogeneous, globalized. It has become very popular to talk in English, as the language of trade communication. In conclusion, the globalization brings together the whole world with all its advantages and disadvantages. The main motor of globalization on the world market is competition. It literally affects all spheres of production, leaving only the most competitive companies on the world stage. The main disadvantage of globalization is that countries that are beyond the reach of poverty will suffer the most and turn into absolutely backward. Globalization Essay 4 Examples of globalization Globalization involves the formation of a single international legal, economic, as well as cultural and informational space. It has positive and negative effects on the word’s formation. Thus, examples of globalization go beyond the standard economic framework, since it ultimately affects the most diverse spheres of social activity, including culture, politics, and ideology. First of all, examples of globalization are formed due to objective factors of world development, and this is due to the deepening of the MRI (international division of labor), as well as significant scientific and technological progress in the field of communications and transport, which provides a reduction of economic distance between all countries.

Survival Factors of Salva Dut Essay Example

Survival Factors of Salva Dut Paper Leadership and luck are two very important survival factors that play a pivotal role in Salvas life. In the book, A Long Walk To Water by Linda Sue Park, Salva, an 11-year-old refugee, used many survival tactics to withstand the difficult journey of walking barefoot across the harsh terrain of Southern Sudan. Walking from refugee camp to refugee camp, leadership and luck is what ultimately made his journey possible. Salva managed to survive his journey and multiple obstacles with his leadership skills and streak of good fortune. One of the survival tactics that was established was leadership. Salva, was forced to flee from his homeland due to religious persecution. The newly appointed leaders of his tribe were forcefully adapting a strict islamic regime. Salva was then forced into a refugee camp, a camp that pushed him along with many other children out. After being forced to leave, Salva is faced with the difficult obstacle of having to cross the infamous Gilo River. Few people were known to have successfully crossed it. Some of the challenges were due to the corrupt militia that guarded the river, there was also a strong current in the water, and crocodiles. When Salva realized he had finally made it across the river, he began to look for others that were lucky enough to make it too. Once he found all the other Lost Boys had made it across, he began to walk with them. Since he was one of the oldest of the group, he had to play the role as leader of the group, and made every attempt to guide them all to sa fety. Although Salva was the oldest of the group, he could still be considered a child in the eyes of many. This act of leadership reflected Salva’s true identity as kind and selfless. In the novel, it states, He organized the group, giving everyone a job (PG 81).This horrible experience helped him become a better leader because it forced him to be one in the most dire situations. This role gave him the strength and vision t We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Factors of Salva Dut specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Factors of Salva Dut specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Factors of Salva Dut specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Colonial Period essays

Colonial Period essays The Colonial Period lasted from 1600 all the way to 1750. The most important historical event that took place in this period of time were the arrival of the Pilgrims on the east coast of North America and the meeting of the Indians which created the celebration that is now known as Thanksgiving. Puritans lived in Colonial America and followed the following rules: Total Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, Irresistible Grace, and Perseverance of the saints. Their religion was Christianity, but there was a little bit controversy between Catholics and Protestants. The four authors that were important for this time period are Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, William Bradford, Jonathon Edwards, and Anne Bradstreet. Cabeza de Vaca wrote journals, Bradford wrote journals as well, Edwards wrote sermons, and Bradstreet wrote poems. Anne Bradstreet was a puritan born in England in 1612 and died in 1672. She was married to a brilliant scholar named Simon Bradstreet when she was just sixteen. They moved with Annes parents to New England to start a new life in the colonies. Anne wrote poems whenever she could. She was the first American poet, she is remarkable not only because of that, but because she wrote when writing was considered a not proper occupation for a woman. Bradstreet wrote of her powerful love for her husband, her aguish of her parents and other family members deaths, and her strive to accept Gods will for the losses that she suffered. One of her compositions, To My Dear and Loving Husband, was all about her love for her husband and how she prizes her love more than mines of gold or all the riches in the east. That piece of writing of hers accentuates her love for her husband and how she always wants to be with him, on earth and in Heaven. Jonathon Edwards was born in 1703 and died in 1758. Edwards was the son and grandson of Puritan ministers. H ...

Childrens Individual learning activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Childrens Individual learning activity - Essay Example The assumed subject of this paper is 4 year old Jane, who is a preschooler. Her parents will arrange playing equipment of pretend kitchen so that she may play chef with her parents and siblings. The basic intent of the parents behind this play is to teach her table and serving manners. They may also teach her counting as the customers (parents and siblings) come and leave. She will count how many customers come, and will note every number on a note book that is set aside: â€Å"1, 2, 3†¦, Total today=†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This will make her learn some very simple addition too. The pretend kitchen will contain a toy stove and toy cooking utensils which Jane will love to play with. The stove will be made out of a big box overturned with knobs and burners marked on it by a marker. Healthful toy food will also be available with the main purpose of teaching Jane good eating habits. She will play with her toy food with great excitement and fun. Apparatus will be available in the kitchen to wash and sterilize the toy food as she will put the food in her mouth. Moreover, table and chair sets will be there for the kids to use. There will be maps, colorful carpets, tiny sofas, bright pictures, funny toys like baby dolls, and a baby calendar hanging on the wall. Kids will use all these as their pretend play. Jane will be encouraged to set the tables and chairs, play chef, take orders as her siblings and parents will come in as customers, and serve them lunch using toy food. There will also be some toy cleaning equipment like toy brooms and mops, so as to develop the sense of cleanliness in the preschooler. The parents will constantly be supervising Jane with active participation in her play activities. This is a kind of scenario or learning activity that I have designed for parents to use in their home with their preschoolers. There are multiple benefits of this with regard to interactive language and developmentally appropriate

Who will profit from the Lisbon Treaty in the field of JHA (Justice Essay - 1

Who will profit from the Lisbon Treaty in the field of JHA (Justice and Home Affairs) - Essay Example The parts of the treaties significant to the Treaty of Lisbon will be studies in order to illustrate the importance of change within the European Union. The Lisbon Treaty ratified in 2009 takes into account the changes in society which were non-existent 10 years ago. The Maastricht Treaty has a legal frame work which no longer requires the same liaisons among nations of the EU in the field of Justice and Home Affairs. The European Union was more internally structured and served as a consulting organization. The Treaty of Lisbon changes the structure to work outwards. The documents, which will be used as reference are the Council of European Communities (1953), the European Union of (1992) and the Treaty of Lisbon (2009). The benefits of the Treaty of Lisbon will be propagated through the whole treaty. The infrastructure of the EU will be modified: the voting system will be changed and the pillar system will be changed. Specifically affecting Justice and Home Affairs will be the creation of several new working structures. The Council of European Communities was ratified in 1953. The European court was established. The European Council which was not yet under the tutelage of the EEC (EU) established the treaty of Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. This convention which is still being used today was made an official charter of the European Union with the Treaty of Lisbon. Ireland which has the right of vote in any changes in the EU administration confirmed that they still have the right to decide the Fundamental Freedoms of their population such as the right of abortion and homosexuality. National Constitutions take precedent over the EU. This point will be elaborated when national identity versus European identity is discussed as a Home Affair. In 1953, the European Community was established for economic purposes in the coal and steel industry and the atomic energy community among 6

The Most Important Signer of the US Constitution Essay

The Most Important Signer of the US Constitution - Essay Example Important Signers of the Constitution A lot of people signed the Constitution from Delaware. They include Thomas McKean who was born in 1734, Caesar Rodney who was born in 1728 and George Read who was born in 1733. George Read is regarded as one of the most important signers of the Constitution. His largest accomplishment was not necessary that he signed both the Constitution and Declaration of independence but that he signed the U.S Constitution twice. George Washington presided over the convention while James Madison, also present, wrote the document that formed the model of the Constitution. The 55 convention delegates’ shaped an enduring document that has withstood the test of time (Boardman, 104). The term framer is sometimes used to specify people who helped craft the Constitution. The Founding Fathers made a significant impact in the fight for independence. Many of the founding fathers were at the Constitution Convention where the Constitution was hammered out and ratif ied.

SWOT Analysis of Etisalat

SWOT Analysis of Etisalat Etisalat is the leading operators of telecommunications in Middle East Africa. Its headquarters are located in U.A.E. Etisalat is one of the largest and renowned telecom company in the world. It carries its operations in 18 countries across Asia, Middle East and Africa with customers more than 100 million. Etisalat is a widespread telecom provider offering a one-stop shop for mobile and fixed-line data services to individuals, enterprises, international telecom companies and so on. It provides a variety of high-tech complimentary services to the telecommunications industry, mainly: Managerial and technical training. SIM card manufacturing. Payment solutions. Clearing house services. Peering. Voice data transit. Submarine land cable services. Etisalat has the status for introducing the accurate service to the right audience at the right market and the exact time. This has been seen and proved as it has debuted again and again, starting with the launch of mobile, GSM, Internet, mobile broadband services to Middle East, Asia and Africa. It is the main focus in the Middle East for internet, voice, mobile broadband, broadcast, roaming and other services with an wide global network. INTRODUCTION Emirates Telecommunications Corporation, also known as Etisalat, is the telecommunications carrier and internet service provider in the United Arab Emirates. Etisalat provides all type of telecom services in addition to cable TV service. Etisalat is currently moving to a 3G network. PG-1 At the end of September 2005, the numbers of lines in service are 1,222,905 for  telephone, 4,305,821 for mobile and 4,698, 17 for internet. Mobile penetration now exceeds 95 per cent. In May 2005, the UAE Telecommunications Regulatory Authority approved the formation of a new telecoms company, which will effectively end Etisalat monopoly, creating a du. The new $1.1 billion telecoms provider will be 40% owned by the UAEs General Pensions and Social Security Authority and other state interests, with the remaining shares earmarked for private sector shareholders including an initial public offering, which may or may not be open to foreigners. The new telecommunication company (Du) is starting to gain a wide fame with variety of services such as (mobile TV, video calls, video mail, mobile broadband and different billing options) Etisalat is on an expansion spree. After making its presence felt in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and West Africa, Etisalat is prepared to pay up to $3 billion to bid for state-run Algeria Telecom. The Abu Dhabi-based firm (Etisalat) has been expanding aggressively abroad as it has lost a virtual monopoly in the UAE to Dubai-based Du, which aims to gain 30% of the UAE market share. PG-2 VISION To create a world where peoples reach is not limited by matter or distance. People can with ease communicate with anyone around the globe also reconnecting with family or friends. Innovative ideas and advance technologies will open fresh opportunties globally. MISSION To extend peoples reach. Etisalat actively develops advanced networks that enable people to learn, develop and grow. VALUES PG-3 FUTURE A world in which technology extends our reach. Etisalat targets to advance to new technologies, services and markets so that it can open new opportunities for its customers. Swot Analysis STRENGTHS: Etisalat is reducing broadband tariff prices to encourage greater take-up Rollout of further undersea fiber optic cables should enable for greater International data service access, and at reduced prices UAE has one of the lowest mobile tariffs in the region Weaknesses Continues to follow, an aggressive marketing strategy which enabled it to capture a 30% market share in less than two years of operation. The knowledge transfer to the baby company ETIHAD Etisalat (SAUDIA). Development of a new fiber optic network to reduce the cost of services and enhance data revenues stream. Low network coverage compared to its competitor Du. Higher calling charges. OPPORTUNITIES: Strong economic fundamentals sustained by the countrys high GDP per capita due to rising oil prices. A favourable demographic profile as 69% of the population is under the age of 30, indicating a strong population growth. Mobile number portability (MNP) enables mobile subscribers to keep their mobile telephone numbers when changing from one mobile network operator to another. The implementation of the MNP service will allow unsatisfied subscribers using a competitors network, to transfer to Etisalats network easily. Therefore, if Etisalat manages to provide better services than its competitors, Etisalat will be able to increase its market share easily. Threats: Emerging of new telecom company with more affordable n competitive strategy. Du expanding the services and being a competitor for Etisalat. OBJECTIVES One of their objectives at Etisalat is to help fulfill the potential of the nation and its people. To be a catalyst driving growth, developing a world-class economy and a hub for trade, tourism and entrepreneurship Etisalat is determined to offer continuous support to people with special needs by helping them to communicate with family, friends, social centers, government organizations, universities, and many other organizations. Etisalat is committed to launching creative initiatives to enable the development of the local communities. Etisalat is contributing 1% of annual revenues to support innovation and entrepreneurship through the ICT Fund. They are committed to be key contributor to CSR activities and we always seek to create strategic partnerships with different social organizations to help them develop. They will maintain our role in social activities, which makes from the company an example for other organizations to emulate. Also, to improve lives through technological expertise and the use of resources for the development of a fully connected community. STAKEHOLDERS EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS INVESTORS Investors would be likely to know about the business because they have invested their funds in Etisalat and they have to know whether the business or firm is running in a profit/loss. CUSTOMERS These are potential customers who would like to obtain a good value for their money. GOVERNMENT The government would want to receive taxes from Etisalat if its running profitably as well as to control business operations. INTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS EMPLOYEES/STAFF They would be interested to know about Etisalat to ensure their job security and to get their basic salary. SHAREHOLDERS Shareholders want to be rewarded for their stake in the business. Shareholders would want to receive dividends from after-tax profits. DIRECTORS The directors of Etisalat would want to direct the strategy and also to direct major decision making. Samsungs directors would want to increase their own power and status from business growth. THE MARKETING MIX Marketing Mix allows you to merge all the marketing strategies in order to sell your product. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT A brilliant product or service will have its marketing on its own as it will advantage the buyer. A product can be recognized by its stylish packing and design. Etisalat launches those products and services which the community wants by doing market research to produce exactly what buyers want. PLACE The place is where you await for your buyers. After knowing the place you just have to find the appropriate distribution channel. Etisalat operates telecommunications in Middle East Africa. PRICE Etisalat uses market skimming as its pricing strategy which means that it keeps a high price for its differentiated products and services and as time goes by it graudually reduces with competition. PROMOTION It has a large promotional unit that spends billions on the advertising of current and newly developed products or services. The media used is bill boards, radio and television adverts which are a form of persuasive adverts. FOOTPRINTS OF ETISALAT IN 18 COUNTRIES-MARKET SHARE EVENTS AND SPONSORSHIPS Etisalat participates in and sponsors events and activities to make and improve lives of other firms. Etisalat supports not just industry-related events but encourage learning in all sectors and support community development in the UAE and abroad. INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS THURAYA EXCELCOMINDO (XL) INDONESIA CANAR SUDAN ETISALAT NIGERIA (EMTS) PTCL PAKISTAN ETISALAT MISR EGYPT ZANTEL TANZANIA ETISALAT AFGHANISTAN (ESSPL) ETISALAT SOFTWARE SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED TECHNOLOGIA ATLANTIQUE TELECOM (AT) MILICOM SRILANKA TIGO ETIHAD ETISALAT MOBILY SAUDIARABIA ETISALAT DB INDIA PVT LTD ETISALAT SERVICES HOLDING Etisalat Services Holding ESH is part of the Etisalat group of companies. It was constituted in 2007 following the strategy of separating the services and varied support services from the core telephony business of Etisalat in order to optimize the potential of the individual businesses. CARRIER AND WHOLESALE Etisalats Carrier Wholesale Services Division (CWS) is dedicated to delivering a comprehensive portfolio of high quality wholesale services, extending the reach of mobile operators, carriers and ISPs globally.   Etisalats Carrier Wholesale Services Division provides the following services: E-VOICE E-MOBILE EMIX IP TRANSIT SERVICES E-CAPACITY E-CONNECT E-BROADCAST

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

[Go up with Senior Homecoming t-shirt and hold up front and back so everyone can see] "Seniors. We just don't care." I feel that this has been our slogan for the past four years, but what I wanted to talk to you about is the opposite of what our shirt says. When I was chosen to speak, you have no idea how honored I was. It was completely unexpected. There's so much that I feel for you as I stand before you at this moment and I can feel the tears coming on, but I'll try to hold back until after the ceremony. There's so much I want to say to you that putting it all into words is difficult. I know that to some of you I'm just one of those annoying people that yell during assemblies and sometimes I'll tell you to do it, too. But despite the fact that I yell at assemblies and despite that fact that I want you to, too, there's more to it than that. As big as an advocate I am for school spirit, I admit sometimes the importance of it is not always clear. But the importance of something else is clear and that is compassion. To me, compassion is a deep sense of love, understanding, and sympathy for others. Someone with true compassion can feel it for someone they don't even know, someone who is entirely different from them, and someone who they might not even like. For this reason, compassion is not an emotion. We must be able to share it regardless of who the person is. Can you walk down the street and see a random face in the crowd and feel concern for their well-being? I have seen the amazing compassion that people are capable of and it moves me to tears. September 11th stays vivid in our minds. One aspect that touched me was how America came together with each other in order to share sympathy and comfort. Americans f... ... you continue on from high school, before you look at another in contempt, consider compassion instead. Will it take someone's death before you realize their worth as a person? Some of you are my close friends, some of you I only say hello to, and some of you I've never had the opportunity to speak to, but no matter who you are, I feel compassion for you right now. You are the people I have shared high school with and all I want for you is success and happiness in your future. You are all important to me. Before I end, I want to give thanks to the one I couldn't have gotten through high school without and that is my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, who is the ultimate example of compassion and love for me. Thank you for giving me this opportunity to speak and thank you for making high school so incredibly memorable and special to me. May God bless you all.

Analysis of Miss Emily in “A Rose for Emily” Essay

In the fiction† A Rose for Emily â€Å",Miss Emily’s life in particular its gruesome and saddened by the outcome of Tan Wan and as well as the central figure in the daily lives of the other two – her father, her dead lover’s fate, should not only to us Bring thriller, and the offensive suppressed, perhaps, there should be more apprehensive and thinking, because this can be called Faulkner’s short story on behalf of its work, its title has been leaked by its authors described the emotional character Secret. Is no longer the tragedy of death, behind the death of the self-stick to the face and secular blue suit, which is rooted in the history of the thick soil, and even more awesome. The author in the novel approach will be a symbol of its head. Novels for readers to show the United States after the civil war in the south of social change, as well as different social groups in the South of the fate of history. The collapse of the old South, the decline of the aristocracy of the South, whites in the South, as well as to enhance the self-consciousness Southern black suffering and hope of life co-exist, to varying degrees, reflected in the novels, William Faulkner regarded the past as a repository of great images of human effort and integrity, but also as the source of a dynamic evil. He was aware of the romantic pull of the past and realized that submission to this romance of the past was a form of death. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Faulkner contrasted the past with the present era. The past was represented in Emily herself, in Colonel Sartoris, in the old Negro servant, and in the Board of Alderman who accepted the Colonel’s attitude toward Emily and rescinded her taxes.. The novel contains the existential factor, to explore the existential theme of the show. That through the works of Faulkner’s life again alienated people, to show his concern about the situation of human existence,From William Faulkner as a writer in the South of the United States is in a special historical period of ideological complexity and contradiction of, their analysis of the short story in two main lines of the refraction by the Fuk Faulkner to the south of the old love-hate complex of the South, to provide readers with a new perspective in order to better understan d and appreciate the works, By the time the representatives of the new, progressive Board of Aldermen waited on her concerning her delinquent taxes, she had already completely retreated to  her world of the past. She declared that she had no taxes in Jefferson, basing her belief on a verbal agreement made with Colonel Sartoris, who had been dead for ten years. Just as Emily refused to acknowledge the death of her father, she now refused to recognize the death of Colonel Sartoris. He had given his word and according to the traditional view, his word knew no death. It is the past pitted against the present–the past with its social decorum, the present with everything set down in â€Å"the books.† Emily’s world, however, was already in the past. When she was threatened with desertion and disgrace, she not only took refuge in that world but also took Homer with her in the only manner possible–death. Miss Emily’s position in regard to the specific problem of time was suggested in the scene where the old soldiers appear at her funeral. There are two perspectives of time held by the characters. The first perspective views time as a â€Å"mechanical progressionâ₠¬  in which the past is a â€Å"diminishing road†. The second perspective views the past as â€Å"a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years†. The first perspective was that of Homer and the modern generation. The second was that of the older members of the Board of Aldermen and of the confederate soldiers.. Emily held the second view as well, except that for her there was no bottleneck dividing her from the meadow of the past. Emily’s room above the stairs was that timeless meadow. In it, the living Emily and the dead Homer remained together as though not even death could separate them. In the simplest sense, the story says that death conquers all. But what is death? On one level, death is the past, tradition, whatever is opposite of the present. In the setting of this story, it is the past of the South in which the retrospective survivors of the Civil War deny changing the customs and the passage of time. This article from the feminist point of view of psychology to re-read the , an analysis of Emily was confused with a tragic sense and reason in an attempt to add a kind of used to be trampled on Suppressed and ignored the different voices – the voices of women, people from the female psychology and thinking, learn to build self, pay more attention to women’s mental health and human hearts to their homes.

Effects Of Recycling Essays

Effects Of Recycling Essays Effects Of Recycling Essay Effects Of Recycling Essay Sing the consequence of scientific and technological innovations. the construct of waste to wealth is an environmental issue. 1. Climate Change When treating the original ( virgin ) stuff. the sum of energy expended in their extraction every bit good as transit normally involve firing fuels which beginnings of nursery gas emanations. Although production of goods through recycling requires usage of energy as good. the sum required is much less than what would be required for pull outing. fabrication and transporting the original stuffs. Besides. to a big extent. the procedure of waste to wealth reduces the production of big measures of nursery gases emitted from incinerators and landfills. Waste-to- wealth undertaking through recycling besides soaks up C dioxide from the air as it slows down the rate of deforestation which serves as C sink. 2. Water Pollution Recycling reduces H2O pollution in many ways. Many harmful waste and chemicals are dumped in organic structures of H2O because we produce a batch of rubbish. Recycling reduces this rubbish. Our dumping of this rubbish in the ocean affect many aquatic animate beings. About three hundred billion lbs of plastic is produced wholly in the universe. and merely a little part is recycled. while most of the staying are dumped in the ocean. Imagine that! Some of the harmful chemicals in our refuse from landfills could ooze into the land. and sooner or later acquire to the ocean and other H2O organic structures non burying our groundwater. This pollutes H2O. By recycling we produce less andreduce the sum of refuse green goods and chemicals dumped in our H2O organic structures. With recycling there isn’t the demand to do new merchandises. This means that the energy required to do these merchandises is conserved. This energy is generated from coal-burning powers Stationss and at that place . sulfur dioxide is emitted into the ambiance. Sulphur dioxide combines with H2O in the ambiance to bring forth sulfuric acid which condenses to the land in signifier of acerb rain and lowers the H2O pH. 3. Air Pollution With recycling. less sum of fossil fuel is required to bring forth and hence. less greenhouse gases are pumped into the ambiance. It besides reduces sum of emanations from incinerators every bit good as slows down the tree-felling procedure. With photosynthesis. the trees absorb the carbon-dioxide in the ambiance. The Downside In some instances nevertheless. recycling may be the beginning of air pollution as seen in Houston in 2013 where the metal recycling undertaking was seen to be let go ofing fume every bit good as cancer-causing chemicals into nearby vicinity. Besides the welding every bit good as cutting procedures of the metal was let go ofing metal compounds in the air which is non good for the people inhaling it as it is toxicant when combined in the blood. So. sometimes. recycling can do more air pollution. 4. Soil Pollution. Soil pollution is a signifier of land pollution. where the upper bed of the dirt is damaged. The inordinate usage of chemical fertilisers. dirt eroding caused by running H2O and other plague control measures leads to loss of fertile land for agribusiness. workss for forest screen and besides fresh fish spots for croping. With recycling. there is less waste put in landfills. Landfills are bad because there is normally a really high concentration of stuffs which are non biodegradable and these cause toxic chemicals to slowly leach into the dirt around. However. compositing of biodegradable stuff such as foliages and nutrient waste enrich the dirt as they introduce C. nitrogeb and other inorganic compounds that are good for some soil-resident beings and besides reduces the demand for unreal fertilisers. On the downside. paper recycling is really expensive and the procedure of bleaching is greatly practiced in this procedure in order to do the recycled paper every bit bright as original documents. The procedure of decoloring utilizations harmful chemicals which defeats the purpose of recycling Decision Recycling affects the environment in many ways. both positive and negative. Each one of us can hold an impact on bettering the environment and doing a witting attempt to cut down. reuse. and recycle in order to hold a positive consequence on the environment Mention hypertext transfer protocol: //www. conserve-energy-future. com/causes-effects-solutions-of-land-pollution. php Recycling and Climate Change hypertext transfer protocol: //www. plantops. umich. edu/grounds/recycle/climate_change. php ( Aug 22. 2014 ) Retrieved 2014. October 29. hypertext transfer protocol: //answers. yokel. com/question/index? qid=20081208191457AAUeMoi hypertext transfer protocol: //www. poconorecord. com/apps/pbcs. dll/article? AID=/20080506/MULTIMEDIA02/80505016 [ web log station ] Retrieved 2014. October 29. How Does Recycling Influence Air Pollution? by Fraser Sherman. Demand Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //classroom. equivalent word. com/recycling-influence-air-pollution-8489. hypertext markup language [ Web log station ] Media. Synonym. com  © 2001-2014 Retrieved 2014. October 29.

A Comparative Review of Fredrick Taylor and Frank Gilbreths essays

A Comparative Review of Fredrick Taylor and Frank Gilbreths essays Frederick Taylor and Frank Gilbreths similarities far out weigh their differences. They helped to revolutionize management theories. Using three management foundation textbooks I will lay a clear foundation of knowledge on what these two pioneers have given to the management world. Also, in taking a closer look at these two theorists one may gain a new look at how efficiency can be achieved. Reviewing these two theorists is essential in basic study management. A Comparative Review of Fredrick Taylor and Frank Gilbreths Management Theories Scientific method had its first big influence on American economy by the Ford Company. In 1916 Henry Ford was able to dramatically decrease the price of his automobiles by over $590. Using the scientific method this price decrease only took two years to implement. Although Ford would deny that the implementation of an assembly line to increase output and decrease labor had no influence by a scientific method, it could be directly argued that this is actually an absolute definition of scientific method that were practiced and perfected by Fredrick Taylor and Frank Gilbreth. In order to completely understand Fredrick Taylor and Frank Gilbreths management theories one must first recognize how they relate to each other. The contributions of Taylor and Gilbreth have changed society forever. Key attributes provided by each theorist are still in play today. Frederick Taylor (1856-1917) grew up in such a strict household the ultimately critics linked his desire for perfection to his past. As a child he searched for ways to improve his games. Taylor was not the originator of many of his ideas, but was a pragmatist with the ability to synthesize the work of others and promote them effectively to a ready and eager audience of industrial managers who were striving to find new or improved ways to increase performance. At the time of Taylor's work, a typical manager would have v...

Law Relating to Children Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law Relating to Children - Case Study Example The only family care which children have received from their tender age is in the care and nurturance of Hannah, who lives with her live-in man Ian, who supports her decision to keep the children under her care. Hannah's home is the only safe home which the children have had in their growing years. And, Hannah provides good care not only for the two girls Ella and Grace, whom Barry (the step father) had left under her care but has also taken to care for a newborn Joanne, whom Allison brings in her care in distress. Hannah, has a natural generosity and love for children and good support from her live-in mate Ian, which gives the children a safe and loving home environment for growth and development. Children have grown to have a strong relationship with Hannah and are growing ell under her care. Hannah and I an could seek Parental Responsibility order based on the Children's Act 1989(The Law Relating to Children, 2007), from the court to make sure they maintain nor only social responsibility of the children, but legal rights to ensure safety and welfare of the children, after Barry's death. If Barry were still alive, they could obtain Residence Order as the primary care giver. But with Barry's death it would naturally be determined that they are the only consistent family influence on the children. ... It really would not affect much if Hannah and Ian were married or not. Hannah and Ian have been together as live-in mates before children were brought in their care. And, both Hannah and Ian have been willing to take children in. If there was disagreement on the part of Ian, it would be different story, but with Ian's support and consent it really does not affect much legally. Allison, is just the biological mother of the three girls, she has been an irresponsible mother involved in a profession which would harm her children more if they were in her care. She could not provide stable and safe home for the children. She is not committed to her children. She has not even kept in touch with the children except for occasional birthday cards and Christmas presents. Her character is unstable and indulgent. She is involved in a very unsuitable profession which can be devastating exposure for her children. And her addiction with drugs make her unpredictable and unworthy as a caregiver for her own children. She is a classic example of a young and irresponsible mother, involved in a very messy situation where she cannot get out of the trap of indulgence and addiction. Even though Allison is irresponsible and uncaring, being the biological mother she does have right to step into the life of her children, if she shows exemplary change in her ways and responsibilities towards her children under the supervision of the court in case of emergency, under Emergency Protection Order and Care Order(The Law Relating to Children, 2007). This can be done only if she assumes dramatic change in her life which reflects her more caring and responsible attitude towards her children and there is a situation

Business Ethics in the Business World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Ethics in the Business World - Essay Example The codes of ethics are meant to measure the extent to which organizations can go in term of looking for money. The lack of a monitoring system can lead to many organizations spiralling out of control, making society feel the extent of shrewd business people. The growth and expansion of the global community is not helping matters. It becomes harder to monitor businesses that operate across the international border lines. However, government agencies are in place to ensure the safe operation of businesses to reduce crimes that arise through business operations. As humans, it is easy to come by ethical dilemmas. In order to rise above the challenges, it is critical to make split-second decisions to protect the integrity of one’s business. This will ensure that society benefits from business conducted in an ethical manner. Business Ethics in the Business World Every business organization must have a code of ethics that it adheres to, to form a conducive surrounding for its employ ees and clients. This behaviour is what regulates the manner in which the organization deals with groups in its midst. Business ethics dictate how a business, not only deals with international groups, but also, its single clients. Many individuals, the world over believe that businesses are only out to make a profit for themselves. This gives businesses a poor reputation among the people they intend to serve. To some extent, this may be true. However, not every business is out for their interests (Flynn, 2008). It is the manner in which they go about getting money that questions their behaviour with regards to ethics. This paper will examine ethics in the world of business, and how they may work in favour of growing businesses. For business to be considered good business, it must adhere to the code of ethics that binds every field in the world. These ethics must be part of the business. This is to allow individuals to associate themselves with something that is legitimate and honest . Business ethics that are in place should eliminate the exploitation of poor people. These are individuals who might not have a choice as to the work they do to make ends meet. The public has a tremendous role to play in ensuring organizations play their part in following business ethics (Ghillyer, 2010). They should advocate for the growth of monitoring groups that may monitor the large corporations present. As the competitive markets expand, it is becoming harder and harder to know which corporation is following correct ethics in their business dealings (Flynn, 2008). It has become a common occurrence to hear of the hefty amounts of fines companies are paying. They are paying these fines because they violate the codes that are in place to ensure a healthy competitive market. Soft drink companies usually face the full brunt of these fines. Honesty, in today’s business world, is the farthest thing from people’s minds. Insider trading in some of the top companies allow s for individuals to trade and make a killing through information provided. This is at the cost of other, less fortunate people. Many folks believe that the standards in business are no longer present. There might be some truth to these claims. There is no reliable source of information about what goes on in these businesses. Corporations want to cover up and protect their own dealings so as to make more money from innocent, hardworking

International Financial management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Financial management - Term Paper Example Although international banks offer their services to both individuals and organizations, they tend to prefer conducting business with organizations and relatively wealthy individuals. On its part the money market was primarily introduced for the sake of trading in currency rate futures contracts as well as options. Essentially, currency futures were intended to realize a liberally traded exchange market that would promote trade across national borders. Therefore, the money market serves a number of functions that include lubricating central bank policies, financing trade, enhancing the self-sufficiency of commercial banks and facilitating profitable investments. From their roles and functions, it can be seen that international banking and money market are inextricably linked. With the opportunities and challenges presented by globalization and the global market, there are also benefits and hazards associated with international banking and money market. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of international banking and money market focusing on the reasons for international banking, how international banking and money market functions and also highlight the hazards associated with the concepts. International banks provide certain services that make a distinction between them and domestic banks. Most significantly, they facilitate export and import services for their clients through their role of arranging trade financing. Further, they not only play the crucial role of arranging the necessary foreign exchange multinationals use to carry out international transactions but also assist in making foreign investments by hedging exchange rate risk. This is typically in foreign currency payables and receivables options and forward contracts. However, the international banks are mainly distinguished from domestic banks by the types of loans they give, investments they make and deposits they accept. From the perspective of international money market,

Business Plan D&D Beauty Salon Essay Example for Free

Business Plan DD Beauty Salon Essay DD (Dreams and Desires) Customize Beauty Salon is a unique salon of its kind. It tends to provide all barberry and cosmetology services under one roof in a unique way. What makes DD so unique is its distinguish software. The software allows the client to see, realize and evaluate him/herself in a real time. It takes picture of the customer and instantly allows them to perform different functions, such as; try different hairstyles, change hair color, apply different types of facial hairstyle and for girls/women it allows them to apply wide range of makeup as well. The purpose behind such a unique idea is to fully satisfy the hidden needs and wants of the people which usually they are unaware of. Once they have the opportunity to realize and evaluate themselves there is more chance that the customer will leave as a happy customer. So using the same phenomenon we are going into the market with the different slogan _No One Leaves unhappy_. As the work of a beauty salon does not ends up here, it requires professional and well experienced staff to provide customers the services exactly what they perceive in their mind and what the software had shown them. For that we are striving to hire two foreign qualified professionals initially. Along with their regular duties they will also train our local beauticians/hairdressers. Our distinctive DD software will act as a competitive advantage for us, through which we are going to compete with the well established big giants in the beauty clinic industry. As no one in the industry is currently serving the customers with this mind set so its a kind of gap we have identified and we have prepared a strong strategy to fulfill these hidden needs and wants of the customers in the market. The trend has shown that there is a boom going on in the beauty clinic industry, new salons are opening consistently and the current established brands are generating massive profits, so its a very good time for us to enter into the market with our unique selling proposition. To achieve our objectives we are seeking additional loan financing. Our capital structure will be 50% equity based and 50% external financing. Our 50% equity will be equally distribute among five owners of the company, however we will take a loan on 19% interest rate from UBL to fulfill our external financing requirement. The initial capital that is required to start our salon is Rs.4079500 hopefully by the end of year _ we  will reach our break even. Our projected Income Statement shows that by the end of year 3 we will start earning substantial profits. Overall keeping in mind the industry and market attractiveness we are quite confident that future for DD Beauty Salon looks quite bright. COMPANY DESCRIPTION COMPANY INTRODUCTION Dream and Desire is a unique kind of beauty salon. It is one of the most innovative beauty salon which is going to revolutionize the entire barberry and cosmetology segment. This is the era of technology and Dream and Desire provides customers with a blend of classic service with updated technology. At Dream and Desire we provide services to both males and females. Services include hair cutting, facial services; make up, waxing and a lot more services that are provided at any other beauty salon. We provide services for people from all genders and age. The innovation brought in by Dream and Desire is the addition of technology in the service. At Dream Desire customers can have a look at their new looks before they actually get it. Customers can choose from different hair styles and cosmetology and then the specifically trained barbers and beautician at Dream and Desire would provide the customer with the required services. COMPANY HISTORY Dream and Desire is a new company in the industry. It does not have a history but it will surely create history by revolutionizing the barberry and cosmetology industry by introducing technology in the industry. In the past companies only used to cut hair and provide cosmetology services to customers on the basis of what customer told them about what the customers requires or how he wants to look but now with the most innovative beauty salon Dream and Desire customers can actually see how they would look in different hair styles and cosmetic before even getting the service performed on themselves. Where as in the past customers only used to get their hair  cut and they could only see their new look after they used to get the service performed on them. Before Dream Desire, all beauty salon, small and big barber shops and salons all used to just provide services without the much needed, dreamt and desired technology. MISSION STATEMENT _Our mission is to build the most innovative beauty salon in the industry. We at dream desire are passionately committed at providing our customers with the most innovative barberry and cosmetology service that they can ever experience._ VISION STATEMENT _Our vision is to revolutionize the barberry and cosmetology industry by making customers happy and satisfied through our DD Software Beauty Services._ SERVICE DESCRIPTION Dream and Desire provides all the services that any other beauty salon provides but the competitive edge that we have over other salons is the addition of technology. We can actually show the client how he would look after getting the service before even providing him services. At dream and desire we provide services and fulfill appearance desires of customers. Through our DD software we can provide our customers with their pictures of what they would look like with different hair styles and cosmetics. Our services include Hair Cutting ,hair styling , hair dyeing , hair streaking, threading ,bleaching, waxing, make up , bridal make ups for both grooms and brides, manicure ,pedicure ,consultation, face massage and all the other services that you find on any other beauty salon but with an assurity of how you would look after the service is provided to you. We  provide an additional service of DD software but at a very reasonable price as compared to other salons .This shows that we at Dream and Desire really want the customers to look as they have always dreamt and desired. We use branded products for providing our services whether its bridal make up, party make up, hair streaking and dyeing and all the other services provided at our beauty salon are provided by branded products whether its scrubs, moisturizers , toners, hair color, wax, creams, hair masks, nail polishes ,gel and every other product used by our beauticians is branded. CURRENT STATUS Our business is currently in the building stage. A full-fledged business plan has been made for Dream Desire but its not yet been implemented practically. LEGAL STATUS AND OWNERSHIP Our business is still in the building stage. We have a full-fledged business plan but we are still in the process of buying patents, copyrights and license for our business Dream Desire. Dream Desire is a partnership venture which is owned by 5 partners with each one having 20% ownership rights. KEY PARTNERSHIPS (IF ANY) Currently we do not have as such any partnership but in near future we are hoping to build some of them with the people in the same or different industries. Once we see the early growth of the company we will definitely going to look for companies like different garment stores and other fashion related segments to build partnerships with them which will be sustained for longer run. We will provide them the facility of our DD software which will enhance the level of their current services. Similarly in our salon we will  promote their brand and in return we will ask them to promote DD. So will build long term sustainable relationship with other companies once we are ready for the boom. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS INDUSTRY SIZE AND GROWTH The beauty salon industry is mainly composed of small, independently owned salons. An average salon offers services such as haircutting, styling, coloring, shampooing and permanents. Other salons have expanded their businesses to offer services such as nail care, facials, makeup application, waxing, massage, tanning and other beauty treatments. Our services belong to the Beauty Clinics Industry. When we look at the industry we can see that there are a lot of hair salons and barber shops in Pakistan. In the past few years Pakistani people have become very beauty conscious especially the youth of Pakistan because of which the number of Hair and Beauty Salons in Pakistan have increased significantly. This industry caters one of the most common needs of all the people in the world. On daily basis about 15 to 20 people on an average visit the male beauty salon whereas about 20 to 25 females visit beauty parlor. The industry is very crowded and its still growing. Both the number of beauty salons and the number of beauty conscious people are increasing in Pakistan. There are uncountable beauty salons in Pakistan but none of them provide an innovative service as we do so the industry that our services belong to is very attractive and its attractiveness is increasing with time. People were beauty conscious in the past too but now the number has drastically increased and more and more beauty salon have been opened especially a large number for men so the industry is quiet new. Even though there were barbers in the early eras but beauty salons in Pakistan a comparatively newer industry. Major players in the Beauty Clinics are Depilex, Nabila, however in Lahore some other competitors are, New Look, AlleNora, Samias, Muneeba, Elysium. There is no administrative or regulatory body to govern the practices of this industry so there is no statistical data available regarding the exact number of players in the market. CURRENT INDUSTRY STRUCTURE The number of beauty clinics in Pakistan has increased at a fast pace over the last few years. The size of this sector of service industry is still growing. Due to very low amount of investment that is required to start beauty parlors, the number of such establishments has cropped up in houses all over the country. In Lahore, more professional and large clinics have been set up in commercial areas like M. M. AlamRoad, Defence, and Main Boulevard Gulberg. Professional experts are currently operating approximately 15 large beauty clinics in Lahore. The beauty industry today encompasses far more than cosmetics and skin care products, though they are still a significant portion of the sector. A wide range of services and products are available to help us put our best face forward, and the beauty industry now also encompasses hair styling and hair removal, nail and tanning salons, massage parlors, shower and shaving products, perfumes, colognes and more. Many people now treat their beauty ritual as an escape from the hustle of the information age, whether its a few minutes spoiling oneself with a high-end product or a full day at a luxury spa. Comprised of a diverse yet interrelated set of business lines, the beauty industry helps us look and smell our best. Before we leave the house each day, we have likely undergone our personalized beautification ritual. Included in this ritual are the daily shower and shave, the weekly nail trim, and the monthly haircut. And increasingly we are taking a more holistic view of our health, and our beautification ritual may now include a periodic massage and trip to the spa. But our concern with our appearance is hardly anything new; indeed the beauty industry has been expanding and growing for all of recorded history. For the interested entrepreneur this continuing growth and evolution offers a diverse menu of opportunity. KEY SUCCESS FACTORS Quality and skilled employees familiar with energy work and oriented to a soothing spiritual disposition. Use very good quality beauty products. Preferably imported and branded. The atmosphere of the clinic has to be according to the taste of targeted customers. The charges for different services should be set keeping in mind the price charged bythe competition. Establish trust within the community that each customers needs will be taken care of during every visit. Easily accessible location. Effective advertising. Ensure good quality of service at all times, and be consistent. NATURE OF PARTICIPANTS Industry participants are those whose services include salon. Salon services concern hair styling,haircutting, coloring, shampooing and permanents, nail care, facials, makeup application, waxing and other beauty treatment. INDUSTRY TREND The salon business is notoriously competitive and has really transformed itself in recent years. Previously, salons paid little attention to their decor and focused mainly on keeping it attractive and neat with good basic hairdressing furniture. Today, many of the leading salons are investing in proper interior design and product showcasing to build their retail income streams alongside their hairdressing and beauty services. Hair is an essential part of look gorgeous and one should pay extra attention to it to steal the show. In Pakistan the hair trends in (2012) theres an absolute feast of looks. There are different hair trend like The Bob, Long and Wavy, Classy Ponytails, Straight Traces. MARKET ANALYSIS AND MARKETING PLAN: Effective marketing campaign is necessary to invite clients for a newly established beauty salon. For launching an effective marketing campaign we need to find some the following things. Market segmentation and Target Market Buyer behavior Competitor analysis MARKET SEGMENTATION Segmentation is a paramount to any businesses success. Identify the marketing segment for the product and explains why this segment was selected. DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION Demographic segmentation involves dividing the market on the basis of statistical differences in personal characteristics, such as age, gender, race, income, life stage, occupation, and education level. DD Salon, for example, segment on the basis of age groups such as teenagers, young adults, and mature adults. DD Beauty Salon will be targeting three dissimilar groups of clients. The salon will work hard to particularly appeal to each of these groups. DD Beauty Salon will target Women, Men, and Children. Men will characteristically create up to 75% of the clientele. Men have shorter hair and require a faster, simpler job. DD Salon will gear toward women who cannot meet the expense of an upscale  salon. There is not often a dissimilarity in quality of an upscale salon comparative to a family hair salon other than a upscale salon will tend to pamper you more, only accepts appointments, and the salon itself is generally a bit plusher. Someone who is financially responsible as opposed to someone who likes lavishness will support a family style salon. Young mothers and children will also be welcome in our salon. Typically, children are disreputably complicated when it comes to getting haircuts. DD Salon will be a laid-back environment where children can have fun while they are waiting and we will work with parents to compose children while haircuts are performed. Where you advertise is as important keeping several factors in mind when looking for the client. Our segments is the people who visits beauty and hair saloons irrespective of their age and gender Take a good look at your business you should always know where you should advertise and this works to your advantage if your goal is to get customers out of what would normally be your target group. The social media is always a great place to advertise so as another place, often overlooked, is high school and college and university newspapers, fashion magazines. Expected customers are following 60% male 25% females 15% young children with mother PSYCHOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION VALS (Values, Attitudes and Lifestyles) is a proprietary research methodology used for psychographic market segmentation. Market segmentation is designed to guide companies in tailoring their products and services to appeal to the people most likely to purchase them. According to VALS our customers will be Innovators: These consumers are on the leading edge of change, have the highest incomes, and such high self-esteem and abundant resources that they can indulge in any or all self-orientations. They are located above the rectangle. Image is important to them as an expression of taste, independence and character. Their consumer choices are directed toward the finer things in life. Experiencers: These consumers are the high-resource group of those who are motivated by self-expression. They are the youngest of all the segments, with a median age of 25. They have a lot of energy, which they pour into physical exercise and social activities. They are eager consumers, spending heavily on clothing, fast-foods, fashion, music, and other youthful favorites, with particular emphasis on new products and services. GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION Geographic segmentation involves dividing the market on the basis of where people live. Divisions may be in terms of neighborhoods, cities, counties, states, regions, or even countries. Considerations related to geographic grouping may include the makeup of the areas, that is, urban, suburban, or rural; size of the area; climate; or population. For example, DD salon will focus on identifying potential user segments in areas where there are potential customers It is based on variables such as customer concentration and macro-economic factors; we will be targeting the residents of Gulberg, GOR, shadman, defense, model town, faisal town. As these areas are near to the place where we will be operating and people residing in these can afford these services PRODUCT-BENEFIT Segmentation is based on the perceived value or advantage consumers receive  from a good or service over alternatives. Our customers will be satisfied because of our uniqueness Thus; markets can be divided in terms of the quality, performance, image, service, special features, or other benefits we will provide to our customers. BUYER BEHAVIOR To design our salon around the emotional buying patterns of the consumer, We have to go beyond simple design. We must incorporate the vision of environmental psychology. We have to match the best-proven practices of successful service providers and marketers inside the beauty industry. The salon of today and of the future, must combine elements of dependable science, blended with wishful thinking to create an alluring cocktail of reality and desirable fantasy. The fundamental principle of market research is that you can ask people questions and what they tell you will be the truth. In fact, it turns out that the opposite is far closer to the truth.. When the mind considers the future, it does so with idealism that is both optimistic and simultaneously devoid of any objective assessment of the past. There is a way to obtain a deeper understanding of consumers and make better-informed decisions. Humans have virtually lost the ability to appreciate the present, so wrapped up are we in dwelling on the past and wondering about the future. UNDERSTANDING THE CONSCIOUS MIND The unconscious mind is the real driver of consumer behavior. Understanding consumers is largely a matter of understanding how the consumers mind operates. The saying first impression applies to more than just the visual when a consumer enters a salon. It is also important in verbal communication with a consumer. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES Humans like animals, interact and respond to their environment far more than we are aware of at a conscious level. If we want to change peoples behavior, the first thing we can do is change the environment. Changing the environment is uniquely powerful in changing behavior. There is no greater single influence. If we want to know why someone does or doesnt buy, we have to understand how the environment shapes behavior. To maximize sales or impact of communication, the environment has to be right. It is not a revelation to learn that music and lighting can affect our mood and as a result, our behavior, the extent to which both can cause people to spend more is surprising. ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + PERSONAL CONSUMER EXPERIENCE = SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Knowing Your Enemy is key and could help traffic into your salon. Knowing your competition is as important as anything else you will ever do in business. You need to learn who their customers are, how they work as a salon, number of employees they have on hand, what their range of services and products are and where and how they advertise. This way we will be able to know how to better serve your clients and run your business. Major competitors are the following Diplex Sobias New looks Alenora Tony and Guy Nabeela STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION Skill at what we do, good customer service, and creating a pleasant environment for our customers will be important to implementing our business plan. COMPETITIVE EDGE We are unique from others, our customized style of beauty and our softwares is unique of its own kind there is no other such saloon operating in Pakistan DD wants to set itself apart from other beauty salons that may offer only one or two types of services. Having come from such a salon, they desire all of the services that we are proposing. Although the focus of DD is hair services, we do wish to offer our clients the convenience of these other services in one location. There are a number of salons. But they are mainly in the very high income parts of our city and surrounding areas. We do not intend to compete with these we wish to offer a middle ground for those clients who cant quite afford those high-end luxury salons. Our business atmosphere will be a relaxing one where clients can kick back and be pampered. Soft drinks will be offered to clients as they enter for service. Televisions will be located in the waiting and hair-drying area area MARKETING STRATEGY Our marketing strategy is a simple one: satisfied clients are our best marketing tool. When a client leaves our salon with a new look, he or she is broadcasting our name and quality to the public. Most of our clients will be referrals from existing clients. No major advertising campaigns are expected. Our research has shown that word of mouth is the best advertising for this type of business. We will, however, run specials throughout the week. We will also ask clients for referrals, and reward them with discounted or free services depending on the number of clients they bring. We will also offer discounts to the new clients who have been referred. A client would simply refer new clients to us, and we will place a card in a box for each client he or she brings. The more they bring, the more chances they have of winning the free services Our marketing strategy is the key to our success: Emphasize our name and unique services through advertising. Focus on the convenience of our location. Build community relationships through unique and quality service, friendly and caring atmosphere, and establishing absolute dependability of our services. PROMOTION STRATEGY _ADVERTISING_ We will utilize local newspaper, local social and health magazines, local radio, local television, mail-outs to all households within the immediate five mile radius, and mail-outs to all local business within a five-mile radius. Often overlooked, is high school and college and university newspapers, fashion magazines. _INTERNET_ we will have a comprehensive website and on social media such as face book page and twitter. We will also add our salon placed on Google maps. The social media is always a great place to advertise so as another place _ALLIANCES_ this type of advertising will be implemented once we have grown beyond our break-even point. We will also form advertising alliances with  any business with whom we share common business goals. We will also implement mutual perks with our business and restaurant neighbors which will aid in local visibility. Advertising promotions with certain clothing brands such as Stone Age, outfitters, cross roads and in the ladies clothing we will alliance with Rang ja and wardah clothing and in ladies foot wear we will alliance with Heels. POSITIONING STATEMENT We will automatically position ourselves as one of the top customized beauty salons in the greater area. Considering that none of the other competitors will offer the range of services we will, or that their staffs will be trained like ours, and that there are not any beauty salons of our type in our target locations. PRICING STRATEGY Our pricing strategy will not be similar to that of our competitors. We will not charge over, or substantially under, standard prices for our services. We will be implementing a price penetration strategy PRODUCT PROMOTION We will manipulate our prices and offer discounts with services such as haircuts, shampoos and coloring treatments. Offering customers 10 or 25 percent off the purchase of a particular shampoo and conditioner with the purchase of a haircut and shampoo combination can help move merchandise and increase our service sales. Customers can be tempted by the desire to take the salon experience home with them and, with discounted prices on premier products MANAGEMENT TEAM COMPANY STRUCTURE MANAGEMENT TEAM Dream and Desire has 5 founders who are also going to be the member of the board of directors. They would have the voting power for any decision that has to be made. All the five founders of Dream Desire are Business Management Students with corporate experience. The founders are also going to act as operational managers who are going to visit the salon according to their shift times. Marketing and Finance Manager are also going to be hired for promotional and financial purposes respectively. Operational Managers are going to lead a team of stylists, beauticians and barbers. There is going to be one assistant operational manager for Male customers and one for female customers. The male assistant operational manager is going to lead a team of a signature stylist ,top stylist and two barbers and the female assistant operational manager is going to lead a team of a signature stylist ,a a top stylist and two beauticians. Operational managers are also going to deal with the activities of the staff. BOARD OF DIRECTORS The founders of Dream and Desire are also going to be the member of board of directors. Dream and Desire has 5 founders and each one would have 20% voting right. 80% of the vote should be in favor for any decision to pass. The board of directors is also going to responsible for HR activities (hiring Firing). All the 5 members are also going to serve as the operational managers who are going to visit the salon according to their fixed days. BOARD OF ADVISORS Our resource person Mr. Rashid Hussain will assist us in implementing this project so he and some of our other teachers will act as Board of Advisors as well. We will seek help and guidance from them time to time. Other than there is a person, Mr.Nasir who has been successfully running his hair salon, he has helped us a lot in this project and he will further assist us in implementation phase of our project. COMPANY STRUCTURE The company is owned by 5 founders who are equal stock holders of the Dream Desire. The sister concern of the board of directors is the board of advisors who advise the board on different issues mostly when the board or the owners are facing any problem with the business. The Board of directors perform the activities of HR Department themselves but they directly control three managers below them i.e. Operational manager, financial manager and marketing manager. The operational manager further controls 2 assistant operational managers one for the females and other for the males. Assistant operational managers report to the operation manager where as the operational manager directly reports to the board of directors. The operational manager also controls the duties of the staff (Receptionist, Security guard, clerk and sweeper). The two assistant operational managers further supervise 4 employees each. i.e. Signature Stylist, Top Stylist and two beauticians or barbers on each male and female case.